Improvement in churns



dubbed gta-tw @wat (twine.

Letters Patent No. 102,425, dated April 26, 1870.

I'MPROVEMENT' m cHURNs.

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part ofthe-name.-

To all whom it may concern:

I Beit known that I, GEORGE N. PALMER, of Greene,

in the county of Ohenango and State of New York, have invented certainnew and useful Improvements in Ohnrns; and I do hereby declare that thefollowing is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, referrencebeing had to the accompanying drawings and to the let-ters of referencemarked thereon, which form a part of Vthis specification. l

The nature of my invention consists in the mode of attaching a.thermometer to a churn, so as to be able to tell the temperature of thecream at alltimes.

In order to enable others skilled in the art to which my inventionappertains to make and vuse the same, I willl now proceed to describeits construction and operation, referring to the annexed drawings, whichshow a sideelevation of a churn with thermometer at tached.

A represents a churn of any description, having an air-tight box, B,attached to its side, the front of said box being provided with a glass,or other transparent material.

Inside of this box is placed a thermometer, O, the bulb of which isinserted in a hole or opening lead'- ing into the churn, so Athat thecream will come in immediate contact with the same. y

The lower end of the thermometer is within the box B protected by aguard, D, so construct-ed that no creani can escape from the churnA`into the airchamber or box B. A

The guard D, with the bulb-opening in the side of the churn, forms aconical-shaped chamber, giving free access for the cream to flow in andout around the bulb of the thermometer.

At the top of the thermometer I have attached an air-conductor, E, tosupply the air-chamber B with air from the inside of the churn, so thatthe 'temperature of the air in both will be the same. A

In using the thermometer without the air-chamber B, it is found that thethermometer would not denote the exact temperature of the cream.11or.instance, if the temperature of' the'cream was 620, and the airsurrounding the churn at 70, the tube of the thermometer would beeffected in such a -manner' as not to indicate the true temperature ofthe cream.

The air-chamber B obviates this di'iculty by giving the temperatu'reofthe. cream to the tube on the ontside of the churn as well as to thebulb on the inside.

Having thus fully described my invention.

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The air-conductor E, fpr'tbe purpose'of giving the air-chamber B thesame temperature as the inside of the churn, substantially as herein setforth.

2. The conical-shaped bulb, chamber, or guard D,

to give free access for the cream to flow in and out,

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own,y

I afix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

GEO. N. PALMER.

Witnesses: y

H. R. BIRDSALL, O. A. WHEELER.

